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F. W. MEYER.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24. 1915.

' Patented July 1, 1919.

2 SHEET$SHEET I INVENTOR fi/Edgbfi WM ATTORNEY F. W. MEYER.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24. 1915.

1 08,094, Patented July 1, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2 WITNESSES: INVENTOR v Hedge/7 W My a I 7 ATTORNEY UNITED STATES. PATENT orr cE.

FRIEDRICH W. MEYER, E PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSYIGNOR Tb WEST- meHoUsE ELECTRIC-AND usnumcruame cournmr, A coarourron or .rmmsnvma.

STEM OF CONTROL- Specification 01' Letter! latent. Patentd July 1, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F nmnnxon W. MEYER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Pittsbur h, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in System of Control, of which the following is a specification. I

y invention relates to systems of dis- Application fled Iarbh 24, 1915. Serial N6. 16,681.

'of a modification of the system shown in Fig. 1 wherein rectification and de-rectification are carried out-in a single piece of apparatus. v

In the form .of my invention shown in Fig. 1, energy in the form of single-phase current is supplied to a railway vehicle from a trolley wire 3 through any suitable contact device .4 and its voltage is regulated June 20,1914, and assigned to the Westingtribution es ecially applicable to electric to any desired amount by a transformer 5 railways, and it has for lts object to provide provided with a plurality of adjustable seccircuits and apparatus whereby the speed ondary windings 13, 16 and 31." A directof a railway vehicle may be easily and ecocurrent motor 6, provided with an indenomically controlled and whereby regenerapendently excited field winding 7, is con- 16 tion, when decelerating, may be accomnected to the vehicle axle 8 for propulsion plished in a simple and effective manner. purposes and, in normal operation, is sup- In the propulsion of railway vehicles, the plied with d1rect current from a rectifier 9, direct-current motor has been developed to a preferably of the vapor-arc type. The rectihigh state of perfection and it has certain fier 9 is provided with'two pairs of anodes 30 advantages over other types of motors which 1010 and 1111 and with a single reconare well known in the art. It has a much structing cathode .12 which may be mainmore flexible rangeof speed variation than tained in active condition in any suitable the drdinary induction motor and it is and well known manner. The anod6s 11"11 smaller and more efiicient than a series comare connected, respectively, to the terminals 26 mutating motor of the same rating because of the secondary winding 13 on the trans the latter must be provided with resistance fo'rmer5 and serve to supply energy solely leads or equivalent means for the control of to the field winding 7 through suitable wires commutation. It has, therefore, been pro- 14 and 15. In like manner, the anodes posed; Where a bi h-voltage single-phase 10 1 0 rectify current from the secondary 80 trolley is employed or economy of transmlswlndlng 16 on the transformer 5 and supsion and where it is desired to employ directply energy solely to the armature of the current motors; to reduce the voltage of themotor 6 through suitable wires 17 and 18 supply by a transformer and to rectify the and a double-throw switch 19, when the latoutput of said transformer by an ordinary ter is closed in theleft-hand position. As

86 fvap'or-arc rectifier. This system, while exthesecondary windings 13 and 16 are inde- 90 hibiting many desirable features in normal pendently adJustable, it. is possible to vary operation, is unable to regenerate current either the'field or the armature current of when coasting because the ordinary vaporthe motor 6 throughout a wide range and,- arc rectifier is not reversible. I, therefore, therefore, an extremely flexible control of 40 provide a vehicle, wherein it is desired to both the speed and the torgue may be ob- 96 employ direct-current motors, with both tamed. There wlll be no lnterference berectifying and-de-rectifying means, either tween the two rectlfying arcs in the same separate or contained in the same apparacontainer, as 1s polnted out in my copendlng tus; whereby I am enabled to employ the appl1cat1on,Ser1alNo. 846,366, filed June20,

46 direct-current motor either normally .or re- 1914, and assigned to the Westinghouse Elec- 100 generating, as desired. My invention retrio & Manufacturing Company, although if sides in circuits and apparatus whereby the des1red, separate rectifiers may be employed above operations may be carried out, as will for the rectification of the field and the arhereinafter more fully appear. mature current. f

60 In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 In order to provide for regeneration when 106 isa diagrammatic view of an arrangement de-celerating or coastlng, I providea deof circuits and apparatus for an embodiment rectifier 20 of any desired type such, for exof my invention wherein rectification and ample, as described and cla1med 1n my .code-rectification are performed in separate pending application,Ser1al No. 846,365, filed I8 devices; and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view 116 house Electric &.Manufacturing Compan or in U. S. Patent No. 877,026 to Ezechiel Weintraub. As this type of apparatus is as yet but little known, a brief description thereof may be advisable. An evacuated container 21is provided with a plurality of anodes-22 in the upper portion thereof and a cathode 23 in the lower portion thereof. Suitable magnets 24 embrace the upper portion of the container 21 so as to produce a magnetic field across the arc path below the anodes 22. By means of a suitable rotating switch 25, the magnets 2424 are successively temporarily delinergiz ed and, therefore, a unidirectional arc, established within the container 21, will be continuously shifted from one anode to another and will, therefore, permit pulsating currents in the pnmary winding 26 of a transformer 27 connected thereto, In order to regenerate, the

switch 19 is thrown to the right-hand position, and the secondary winding 28 of the transformer 27 is connected to the line by a suitable switch 29. The direct-current excitation of the field winding 7 is maintained by the anodes 1111 in the rectifier 9, and direct current that is generated in the armature of the motor 6 establishes a unidirec tional are in the de-rectifier 20. The switch is driven in synchronism with the frequency of supply by a synchronous motor 30 driven from a third secondary winding 31 on the transformer 5. The are within the derectifier 20 will therefore be vibrated or rotated at the frequency of the line supply, and alternating current will be generated in the secondary winding 28 of a suitable character for supply to the line 3, with consequent effective regeneration. Vhile, for clearness, I have shown the return of the regenerating current through the transformer 27, it may be, and, in practice, would be, returned through the transformer 5, thus saving weight and expense.

Referring to the form of my invention shown in Fig. 2, current is supplied to the motor 6 from a line 3 through a contact device 4 and a transformer 5'. During nor-- mal operation, the field winding 7' of the motor 6 is excited from a secondary winding 13 and the anodes l1 -11 of a combined rectifier and de-rectifier 32, to be hereinafter described more in detail. In like manner, the armature of the motor 6 is supplied with energy from a secondary winding 16 through anodes 1010 in the apparatus 32. The anodes 10-10 are mounted in an upwardly extending flange 33 on the container of the device 32, and a magnet 34, embracing said flange, is adapted to be rotated by a synchronous motor 35 so that it sweeps, in succession by each of the anodes 10'10'. When it is desired to regenerate, the motor 35 is driven at synchronous speed from a secondary winding 31, and the uni directional are within the device 32, set up by current flow from the armature of the machine 6, is caused to flow alternately from each anode 1010' by the magnetlc control of the magnet 34. Pulsating current is therefore set up in the two halves of the winding 16 for generating alternating current in the primary winding of the transformer 5 of a suitable character for return to the line 3. The voltage, of the regenerated electromotive force may be adjusted either at the secondary winding 16 or by changing the excitation of the field winding 7 at the secondary winding 13. It will be noted that, during the regenerating operation, alternating current is being rectified at the anodes 1111' and direct current is, at the same time, being de-rectified at the anodes 10'10'. I find that no difiiculty is encountered in carrying on these two operations within the same'evacuated space although the machine 6 may be self-exciting during regeneration. In order that the generated electromotive force of the machine 6' shall be in the right direction for flow from the anodes 1010, it is necessary, during regeneration, to reverse the polarity of the machine 6, as, for example, by a double pole, double-throw switch 36 inserted in the field circuit.

While I have shown my invention in two distinct embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is susceptible of various minor changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof and I desire, therefore, that no limitations shall be placed thereupon except such as are imposed by the prior art or are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A vacuum electric device embodying means for simultaneously rectifying alternating-current energy and tie-rectifying direct-current energy within a single container.

2. In a distributing system, the combination with a source of alternating current, of a doubly-functioning vacuum electric device provided with means for simultaneously rectifying energy from said source and for de-rectifying energy and supplying said derectified energy to said source all within a. single container.

3. A vacuum electric device embodying means for simultaneously rectifying alternating-current energy and de-rectifying direct-current energy within a single container, said de-rectifying means being reversible in function. J

4. In a distributing system, the combination with a source of alternating current, of a doubly functioning vacuum electric device provided with means for simultaneously rectifying energy from said source within a single container and for de-rectifying energy and supplying said de-rectified energy to said source, said derectifying means being reversible in function.

the combination with an alternating-current 5 supply, of a direct-current motor prov ded with independent field and armature wlnding while still rectifying current for field excitation, and means for reverslng the currents in the field and armature wind ngs with respect to each other when regenerating.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 12th day of March,

5. In a recuperative motor control system,

ings, a single exhausted container embody- 1915. ing means for independently rectifying cur- FRIEDRICH MEYER. rent for both field and armature windlngs Witnesses 10 durin normal operation, said container also emb generated by the armature when recuperat- Corrections in Letters Patent No. 1,308,094.

D. C. DAVIS,

ying means for de-rec y current B. B. HINEB- It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,30s;094, granted July 1, 1919, upon the application of Friedrich W. Meyer, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Systems of Control, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, lines 128-429 claim 4, strike out the words within a single container; page 3, line 1, claim 4, after the word source insert the words within a single container; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 26th day of August, A. 1 1919.

i M. H. COL'LSTON,

[sun] Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

